Learned some good lessons yesterday re. leakdown tests. Doing a good test is hard, even when you think you know what you’re doing. Last year I wrote a pretty detailed write up of leakdown testing, but the test can still easily fool you.
http://www.Gress.org/Home/Cars/TrackTales/DIY/Leakdown%20DIY.htm
The problem is that a leakdown test assumes that the valves and valve seats are clean. Since I’m doing all this work outside, it’s really hard to keep everything clean. Or if you do a leakdown test on some engine with significant carbon build up, the test can indicated that the head is in awful condition when in reality maybe all it needs is for the valves and seats to be cleaned.
Yesterday I took the fabulous Chuck Baader head, put it on the car, and did some careful leakdown testing. 3 of the combustion chambers did awful. That had my eyes as wide as saucers.
Next I did a wet leakdown test by spurting some oil into the chambers. No change in results. That indicates it’s a valve problem and not a ring problem.
“Ok”, I thought, “maybe it was a mistake to put the head on myself and maybe I didn’t get it on square and I bent a valve. But there is no way that I bent 3 valves. No way. I’m missing something”.
Wantign to test my leakdown test protocol, I next did a leakdown test of my spare motor, which I’d never done before. It too did awful. “WTF?” was the sound of my backup plan evaporating
Then I looked into the valve ports on the spare motor and I could see that the valves were covered in carbon and there was even some carbon ash in the port. Mostly intake. So I thought, “maybe the heads are failing because there is crap in between the valve and the seat”?
So I took the Chuck head back off, put it on the bench, and repeated the drop test. Several of the cylinders failed miserably. Then I carefully examined the two chambers that failed worst, and sure enough there was a little debris on the vavle seat.
Using a rifle cleaning bore brush I carefully scrubbed the surfaces of the 3 problem valves and their valve seats. Then I redid the drip test and the Chuck head was as good as ever. So I put it back on to the motor.
The morale of that story is that you can only trust a leakdown test if the valves and valve seats are clean. It’s easy for a new head to get a little debris in there, and it’s easy for an old head to have carbon build up at the intake side.